Foreign Currency Matters, ASC 830

Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation
SFAS 52, December 1981
“Foreign Currency Translation”

Functional currency
1. Functional currency
–> the currency of the primary economic environment
–> of the entity

2. Accounting transactions are measured and recorded in functional currency

Reporting currency
Reporting currency
–> the currency used to report financial statements

Translation
If reporting currency is not functional currency
–> all items reported in financial statements are
–> translated from functional currency to reporting currency

Remeasurement
1. If accounting transactions are recorded in local currency that is not functional currency
–> remeasure accounting records from local currency to functional currency
–> then translate from functional currency to reporting currency
2. Accounting records after remeasurement
–> will be same as (1)
(1) accounting records when all transactions were recorded in functional currency

Exchange rate for remeasurement
1. For nonmonetary accounts
–> use historical rates between local currency and functional currency
2. For revenue and expenses resulted from nonmonetary accounts
–> use historical rates between local currency and functional currency
3. For monetary accounts
–> use current rate between local currency and functional currency
4. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are also recognized

Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are
–> recognized in income
–> with some exceptions
–> as explained in the Codification Topic 830-20

Foreign currency translation adjustments are
–> reported in other comprehensive income (OCI)
–> as explained in the Codification Topic 830-30

Changes in functional currency
When functional currency changes
–> previous financial statements are not restated

 

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